Solar flares are sudden and intense bursts of energy and radiation that occur on the Sun's surface. They are typically associated with sunspots and solar activity, and can release the energy equivalent to millions of nuclear bombs in a matter of minutes. Solar flares are driven by magnetic energy build-up and release in the Sun's atmosphere, and can affect Earth's ionosphere and cause disruptions to radio communications, GPS systems, and power grids. Studying solar flares is important for understanding the Sun's behavior and its impact on space weather.